fertilization in sargassum takes place in

Fertilization may be external ( out side the body ) or internal ( inside the body ) … In vitro fertilization refers to the process by which fertilization (fusion of an egg and sperm) occurs outside of a living organism. 3.122). How long is gestation from fertilization. In agriculture, algae are used as sources of nitrate and potash for fertilization. Botanica Marina … Fertilization is a process that essentially entails the fusion of two gametes thus producing a new organism. The conceptacle initial becomes flask- shaped. 3.117C). 3.119). (b) Food supplements: Chlorella and Spirulina are rich in proteins and are used as food supplements. It is flat and differentiated into outer meristoderm, middle cortex and inner medulla like the axis (Fig. The surrounding cells of the conceptacle initial divide rapidly and push it towards the inner side of the receptacle. 3.117D). When the oogonium comes out of the female conceptacle, through the ostiole, it at first remains attached to its apex by the mucilaginous thread, but afterwards set free and floats on the surface of sea-water. On both surfaces of the leaf there are many sterile conceptacles, the cryptostomata or cryptoblasts (Fig. The antheridia are developed from the inner fertile layer of the antheridial conceptacle (Fig. Fertilization - Fertilization - Events of fertilization: The acrosome reaction of spermatozoa is a prerequisite for the association between a spermatozoon and an egg, which occurs through fusion of their plasma membranes. Sometimes, the leaves growing towards sun­light show many dots on both the surfaces. 7 years ago. It is of oogamous type and takes place by the union of antherozoid and egg, developed in antheridia and oogonia respectively. B0RGESEN (i9i4a, b) studied the species of Sargassum found in the Danish West Indies as well Journal. After some time it comes out of the gelatinous wall. ... Ovulation is release of ovum from ovary into oviduct and takes place only once in a month i.e. What is its function? It is now widespread. 3.121A). Some species are monoecious and others dioecious. asked Feb 13, 2018 in Class XI Biology by rahul152 (-2,838 points) Explain why sexual reproduction in angiosperms is said to take place through double fertilization and triple fusion. The upper cell again divides by a transverse wall forming an upper cell and a lower cell. Reproduction takes place by vegetative and sexual means. Comment. 38 weeks. It is probably assent for the conduction of food. 4. The structure of the plant body is very complicated, both morphologically and anatomi­cally. 3.119C). The lower cell develops into rhizoid and the upper cell undergoes repeated periclinal and anticlinal divisions, thus forming a thalloid sporophyte (2n) of Sargassum. The cortex is situated next to meristoderm and occupies major part of the axis. Occurrence of Sargassum 2. Best answer. The mature antheridium is a small ovoid body provided with a thick mucilagenous wall. The egg becomes surrounded by a number of antherozoids, one which enters into the egg and fuses with it forming oospore. Sexual methods. The conceptacles bear sex organs. The uninucleate bodies metamorphose into pyriform, haploid biflagellate antherozoids (Fig. The ovules become the seeds. 0 votes . Fertilization takes place in the usual way. 3.116). The conceptacle ini­tial then undergoes mitotic division and by oblique septation it forms upper elongated tongue cell and lower broad basal cell (Fig. After liberation, the zygote gets attached with any solid substratum. Cal King. 13. The zygote is diploid (2n) and on germination it develops sporophytic (2n) plant of Sargassum. 3.121A). The egg becomes surrounded by a number of antherozoids, one which enters into the egg and fuses with it forming oospore. The cells contain chromatophores and perform photosynthesis. What is the significance of transpiration? Each one divides by a transverse wall into two cells. The plant body is diploid (2n), erect and branched thallus (Fig. Hence, it is called meristoderm. In flowering plants, a secondary fertilization event takes place. The medulla i.e., the inner layer consists of narrow, thick walled elongated cells. The lower cell forms the stalk and the upper cell functions as oogonium proper. The algae are free floating and brown in colour, commonly found in tropical seas, though some are found in Sargasso Sea (a region of North Atlantic Ocean). It serves the function of anchorage, photosynthesis, storage, conduction and support. Out of these, 7 nuclei degenerate and the remaining one functions as an egg (Fig. Fusion of male gamete sperm and female gamete egg in fallopian tube (oviduct) is called as fertilization. 3.120D) which remains in the centres. Reproduction 7. The fertilization in humans takes place in the fallopian tube. 12. The life cycle of Sargassum, as in Fucus, does not show any alternation of generations. Like antheri­dium, oogonium also develops from the basal fertile layer of the conceptacle (Fig. The holdfast is discoid and serves the func­tion of anchorage with the substratum. Many antherozoids get attached with the egg by their anterior flagella and their posterior ones help in swimming (Fig. A few days before the … The cell of the inner lining of the female conceptacle gives rise to oogonial initial. Sargassum muticum is an invasive brown seaweed that has recently found its way to the shores of Ireland. The oogonial cell becomes enlarged and forms a spherical structure. The egg must be fertilized, and must then implant. In the case of Sargassum this type of reproduction is very prolific. 3.118A). The oospore finally develops into a new plant. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them. B. Where are the pollen grains formed in the flower? The diploid (2n) nucleus undergoes first meiotic (Fig. The main axis is generally of 10 to 50 cm in length. Other places too: Normal pregnancies start with conception in fallopian tube. 3.119B). The sterile conceptacles are also called cryptoblast or cryptostomata. Now the antheridium is detached from the stalk cell by strong water current, comes out of the conceptacle and floats on the surface of water. The tongue cell elongates and gradu­ally disappears. Two sperm are transferred from each pollen grain, one of which fertilizes the egg cell to form a diploid zygote. A. Thus con­ceptacle contains oogonia intermingled with paraphyses. Descriptive external fertilisation examples are that of salmon, trout fish and codfish. Fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes, which connect the ovaries to the uterus. It consists of compactly arranged parenchyma cells of poly­gonal shape, rarely with intercellular spaces. The plant body is diploid except the antherozoids and eggs. Zygote germinates directly and produces a new sporophytic (2n) plant. The stalk cell again undergoes transverse division and forms upper antheridial cell and lower stalk cell. This layer possibly helps in conduction. The sperms move towards the uterus but not all succeed in reaching the opening of the fallopian tube. Features 5. The superficial cell divides by a transverse wall into an upper cell and a lower cell. In some species, the conceptacles are sterile and are known as Cryptoblasts. Changes after the fertilization of a butternut pumpkin flower . 3.119A). 3.120C), then mitotic divisions and 8 nuclei are formed. In India it is found in Porbandar, Bombay, Okha, Lakshadweep Island etc. In this article we will discuss about the vegetative body and reproduction of sargassum. Before sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Vegetative reproduction takes place by frag­mentation. Explain why sexual reproduction in angiosperms is said to take place through double fertilization and triple fusion. Out of these nuclei one is functional and other seven degenerate. fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes. What are the hormonal events that lead to parturition. The lower one remains as concep­tacle Wall, whereas the upper one (Fig. The meristoderm is made up of single layer of closely packed cells. These culture tanks can be indoors or outdoors, but are usually covered by a greenhouse roof with adjustable screening to take advantage of natural lighting. The cells of the wall have many chromatophores. The basal cell, then undergoes repeated vertical divisions to form the basal fer­tile layer i.e., the inner layer of the conceptacle. Vegetative, 2. A mass of antherozoids is liberated by the rupture of the antheri­dium mall. The nucleus of the second sperm cell fuses with two haploid nuclei contained within a second female gamete called the central cell. This website includes study notes, research papers, essays, articles and other allied information submitted by visitors like YOU. It is therefore the cycle that leads to the existence of living things. (i) When implantation has occurred in uterus of mother, the inner lining of the uterus thickens and is richly supplied with the blood vessels to provide nourishment to the growing embryo. When external fertilization takes place in the water-column between paired fish, the male and the female may assume positions that bring their genital pores close and synchronize the release of eggs and sperm (Breder & Rosen, 1966). The fertilization process is a process after the pollination process, and it is the process of fusion of the nucleus of the male cell (the pollen grains) with the nucleus of the female cell (the ovum) to form the zygote. The tertiary bran­ches are fertile and much-dissected forming finger-like structures, commonly known as receptacles. fertilization is possible if no partner is available. Welcome to BiologyDiscussion! Fertilization cannot take place without pollination. Sperm is encased in a grain of pollen to travel to an egg. The first significant event in fertilization is the fusion of the membranes of the two gametes, resulting in the formation of a channel that allows the passage of material from one cell to the other. In vitro fertilization takes place in: C) a laboratory. After fertilization the petals, the stamen and the stigma fall off. 8. Period of pregnancy that runs from the time that fertilization takes place up until birth. Doctors retrieve healthy mature eggs of the women or egg donor, fertilize them with sperm in a Petrie dish, and cultivate the embryos. Source(s): https://shorte.im/a8u9k. Both stem and leaves are differentiated into epidermis, cortex and medulla. In mammals, fertilizati… placed flat on tank bottoms for seeding, then suspended vertically in the larger concrete tanks for the development of juveniles (Xie et al. A number of antheridia are formed inside the male conceptacle. Later on only one penetrates the oogonial wall. Like the outer layer this layer also stores food material. In order for a successful pregnancy to occur, many things must go right. A sperm … Answer Now and help others. The re­ceptacles of male and female plants can be easily recognisable; the former in male plants are smooth, but those in female ones, spinous. Nucleus and is provided with a wall of conceptacle one side ( Fig lower stalk,! 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